Rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction. No net changes occur. The ratio of the concentrations of products to reactants tells us about the extent of the reaction. The extent of the reaction tells us about the driving force, the magnitude of Keq
Definition of Equilibrium A brief review on various topics.
Basic Chemical Equilibrium A brief review on chemical equilibria with some examples.
Slides about Equilibrium A slide show.
Gas phase Equilibria A tutorial on gas phase equilibria with examples and equilibrium constants.
Equilibrium Pictures and movies about equilibrium. Be patient since it is slow to load the movie file(9.8 MB!).
A Simple Model of Equilibrium More pictures and movies.
Equilibrium and Reaction Rates For a chemical reaction, equilibrium is that point where the rates of the forward reaction and the reverse reaction are equal. Pictures and movie are intended to show the concept.
Equilibrium and Concentration The equilibrium position depends on the concentration of all the components of the system: reactants and products. Pictures and movie.
Keq : A measure of extent of reaction, a measure of the position of equilibrium in the equation. A tutorial on chemical equilibria.
Slide about Equilibrium Constant (slide 34) A slide show.
About the Equilibrium Constant A good tutorial on equilibria and the law of mass action, including the definition and detailed derivation of the chemical equilibrium constants.
More about the Equilibrium Expression This is the continue of the last topic.
Equlilbrium constants An example to show how to calculate the equilibrium constants.
General Facts about Equilibrium Constants Some examples.
Determination of Equilibrium Constants Examples are used to show how to calculate equilibrium constants. You'd better do these problems yourself.
What Can Equilibrium Constant Tell You? Do you know the answers to the following questions? How can you tell if a reaction is likely to be feasible? How do you calculate the concentration of species at equilibrium?...... You can find answers here with some examples.
Kp vs Kc Concentration in M are used to determine Kc . Partial pressures in atmospheres are used to determine Kp. Kp = ( Kc)( 0.0821T) *ng *ng = change in number of moles of gas (product - reactant)
Equilibrium constant and Le Chatelier's Principle Detailed tutorial on the Le Chatelier's Principle using chemical equilibrium constants.
Le Chatelier's Principle : If a system is at equilibrium, and then is subjected to a stress, the system will respond in such a way as will tend to counteract the stress. The stress is partially relieved and a new equilibrium is established.
More about Le Chatelier's Principle A brief outline of Chatelier's Principle.
Philosophical about Le Chatelier History of Le Chatelier's Principle.
Who was Le Chatelier A brief biography of Le Chatelier.
Slides about Le Chatelier's Principle (slides 35-42) A slide show.
Le Chatelier's Principle Again A brief review on various topics.
More about the Equilibrium Constant Chemical equilibrium: a dynamic concept. How activities affect the equilibrium constants.
Equilibrium Constant: Form, Nominal Units and Value A tutorial on the subject.
Driving Force of a Chemical Reaction Equilibrium constants in electrochemical reactions.
The Law of Mass Action The rate of a chemical reaction in dilute solution is proportional to the molarity of the reacting substances.
More about The Law of Mass Action This site is under construction.
Common Ion Effect How common ions affect the solubility of a salt.
More about the Common Ion Effect
Effect of Competing Equilibria
Effect of Electrolyte Concentration
Table of Mean Activity Coefficients Also include the diverse ion effect: difference between activity and concentration
Equilibrium A slide show covering various topics.
Quiz on Solubility and Complex Ion Equilibria
Quiz #3 Quiz #4 Quiz #5 Quiz #6 Quiz #7 Quiz #8 Quiz #9 Quiz #10 Quiz #11 Quiz 12
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Last updated on November 14, 1996.
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